Wi-Fi Technology by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

In the Internet world Wi-Fi Technology become the important part of our lives without Wi-Fi life is feel incomplete. According to recent report 5.30 billion people around the world were using the internet which is equivalent to 65.7 percent of the world’s total population. This small article try to explore the Answer of following questions.

What is Wi-Fi Technology?

What is difference between Wi-Fi and Internet?

What are the 3 types of Wi-Fi?

What are Advantages and Disadvantages of Wi-Fi?

What is Wi-Fi Technology?

Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed Internet access. A common misconception is that the term Wi-Fi is short for “wireless fidelity,” however Wi-Fi is a trademarked phrase that refers to IEEE 802.11x standards.

What is difference between Wi-Fi and Internet?

Wi-Fi connects devices within a limited range, such as a home, office, or public place like a coffee shop or library. The internet, on the other hand, connects devices around the world through a network of servers, routers, and other infrastructure.

What are the 3 types of Wi-Fi?

There are a types of wireless networks: 

Personal-Area Network (PAN),

Metropolitan-Area Network (MAN),

Wide-area network (WAN)

What are advantages of Wi-Fi?

Easy to install

A Wi-Fi network is inexpensive, easy to install, expandable, offers low latency (better than LMR), and excellent data rates.

More Connectivity

A wide variety of devices can be made WiFi capable to connect to each other or to the Internet.

Connect many Devices.

Many devices such as smartphones and as well as Laptop, desktop and tablate  have WiFi already installed as standard.

What are disadvantages of Wi-Fi?

Security

Wireless networks are considered more vulnerable to hacker attacks.

Coverage

Wireless coverage areas have a limited range of connectivity (often from 50-300 ft).

Transmission Speed

The transmission of data is usually slower than most Cable/wired networks.

How to Cite This Article

M.Y. Ali (2023). Wifi Technology. https://profileusuf.wordpress.com/2023/11/18/wi-fi-technology/

Fake News Purpose: Sources where Fake News created and disseminated

by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

In the age of social media and different challenges of sharing the information on internet. It is very easy to share the fake new/information to audience. This article provide you a brief introduction what is fake news what are the different purpose of the fake news and source and platform where the Fake News created and disseminated.

Q No. 1 What is Fake News?

Q No. 2 What are the purpose of Fake news?

Q No. 3  Which sources fake news are created?

Q 1. What is a Fake News?

The term does not have a fixed definition, the most suitable definition

“Fake news is false or misleading information presented as news. Fake news has also been called junk news false news, hoax news alternative facts and pseudo-news.”

Q No. 2  What are the purpose of Fake news ?

There are following purpose or motive of Fake News

Reputation

Fake news often has the aim of damaging the reputation of a person, family, Organization or group of companies.

Making Money

 Another purpose of fake news making money through advertising revenue

Audience Retention

Another purpose of the Fake news to audience retention for fame helpful to increase the viewership.

Political Polarization

Fake news also spread for the political point scoring and some time it is also use for the political polarization.

Q No. 3 Which sources fake news are created?

There are different sources where fake news are created and spread.  However, social media and Fake Websites.

1. Social Media

In different medium of social media fake news are created.

a. Facebook

Facebook feeds/posts and troll are very common medium were fakenews created and spread through share and

b. Twitter

Twitter is an other social media where fake news created through tweet and spread through re-tweet.

c. Whats’ App

What’s App message is also main source to spread the fake news through sharing and forwarded with friends.

d. Instagram

 Instagram is also medium where tempered video and movies are share and forward.

2. Fake Websites

Fake websites are also source of the fake news where fake and un-verified information posted.

How to Cite This article

M.Y Ali (2023). Fake News Purpose: Sources where Fake News created and disseminated. https://profileusuf.wordpress.com/?p=1697

Fake News : Types of Fake News and How to recognized Fake News

by Muahmmad Yousuf Ali

Invention of Web 2.0 tools social media blogs and website and other social media forum empower the users and to write every thing on internet. Sharing the information and News are every common on the social media, blogs and website. Which empower to social media users to know the information and fact with high speedy. But taking the advantages of this few internet users share the fake news and information on the social media in this article I will cover the 3 points about the Fake News.

Q No. 1 What is Fake News?

Q No. 2  What are the types of Fake News?

Q No. 3 How to recognized the Fake News ?

Q 1. What is a Fake News?

The term does not have a fixed definition, the most suitable definition

“Fake news is false or misleading information presented as news. Fake news has also been called junk news false news, hoax news alternative facts and pseudo-news.”

Q No. 2  What are the types of Fake News?

AS information experts

Mis-information (misinformation): false information disseminated without harmful intent.

Dis-information (disinformation): false information created and shared by people with harmful intent.

Mal-information (malinformation): the sharing of “genuine” information with the intent to cause harm.

Types of Fake New

Satire or parody:-  (“no intention to cause harm but has potential to fool”)

False connection:– (“when headlines, visuals or captions don’t support the content”)

Misleading content:- (“misleading use of information to frame an issue or an individual”)

False context :- (“when genuine content is shared with false contextual information”)

Impostor content :- (“when genuine sources are impersonated” with false, made-up sources)

Manipulated content :- (“when genuine information or imagery is manipulated to deceive”, as with a “doctored” photo)

Fabricated content (“new content is 100% false, designed to deceive and do harm”)

How to Recongized the fake News ?

The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) published a summary in diagram form (pictured at right) to assist people in recognizing fake news. Its main points are:

1. Consider the source (to understand its mission and purpose)
2. Read beyond the headline (to understand the whole story)
3. Check the authors (to see if they are real and credible)
4. Assess the supporting sources (to ensure they support the claims)
5. Check the date of publication (to see if the story is relevant and up to date)
6. Ask if it is a joke (to determine if it is meant to be satire)
7. Review your own biases (to see if they are affecting your judgment)
8. Ask experts (to get confirmation from independent people with knowledge).

References

1.  Wardle, Claire (February 16, 2017). “Fake news. It’s complicated”. firstdraftnews.org. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
2. Downey, Beth. “Research Guides: Evaluating False News and Misinformation: Types of False News”. guides.library.msstate.edu. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
3. “How to spot fake news”. IFLA blogs. January 27, 2017. Retrieved February 16, 2017.

How to cite this article:-

M.Y. Ali (2022). Fake News : Types of Fake News and How to recongnized Fake News. https://profileusuf.wordpress.com/2022/11/24/fake-news-types-of-fake-news-and-how-to-recognized-fake-news/

SWOT Analysis

SWOT Analysis or SWOT Matrix describe about the Strength (S), Weakness(W), Opportunity and Threat (T). This article try to cover following point about the SWOT analysis.

Q 1 What is SWOT analysis?

Q 2 What are the Element of SWOT?

Q 3 Why researchers use SWOT analysis?

Q 4 In which discipline Researcher use SWOT analysis?

Q 1 What is SWOT analysis?

SWOT analysis (or SWOT matrix) is a strategic planning technique used to help a person or organization identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to business competition or project planning or new innovative service or improve any existing.

Elements of SWOT

Strength: –

Strength are Advantages, plus existing Resources of individual, groups, Team, institutions, Organisation.

Weakness:-

Weakness are the disadvantage and Limitations of individual, groups, Team, institutions, Organisation

Opportunity: –

Opportunities indicated as positive forces/ Area of Improvement +Avail the chances to explore the expansion out of the box.

Threat:-

Threats are the negative forces external trouble or obstacle in progress.

SWOT Matrix

Strength and Weakness are internal Factor

Opportunity and threats are external factor

Strength and opportunity are positive forces

Weakness and Threat are negative forces

Q 2 Why do researchers use SWOT analysis?

Researcher uses SWOT analysis in any decision-making situation or planning initiative   

1. SWOT uses in like commercial organizations, Business enterprises, governmental units, and individuals.

2. SWOT analysis may also be used in creating a recommendation during a viability study/survey.

3. SWOT analysis may also be used in pre-crisis planning and preventive crisis management.

In short summary SWOT analysis use in Strategic Planning, Matching and converting/Competitive advantages, Corporate planning and Marketing.

Q 4 In which discipline Researcher use SWOT analysis?

SWOT analysis use in the Academic discipline of Social Science, Business administration, Economics, Management and marketing disciplines.

How to cite this Article

Ali, MY (08 Sep 2021). SWOT Analysis. https://profileusuf.wordpress.com/2021/09/08/swot-analysis/

References

Humphrey, Albert ( 2005). “SWOT Analysis for Management Consulting” (PDF). SRI Alumni Newsletter. SRI International.

Blake, Martin; Wijetilaka, Shehan (22015). “5 tips to grow your start-up using SWOT analysis”. Sydney. Retrieved 31 August 2021.

Library & Its Type by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Libraries are considered the hub of information in literary society. Libraries are severed every unit of the society for student there is an Academic Libraries, to serve the general reader there is a public library, to save the special knowledge, research and information special library play their role. National level record National library play very proactive role. In this piece of writing author discuss three main point.

1. Library
2. Library Services
3. Types of Libraries

1. What is Library?

“Library” term derived from the Latin liber, meaning “book.” In Greek and the Romance languages, the corresponding term is bibliotheca. A collection or group of collections of books and/or other print or non print materials organised and maintained for use (reading, consultation, study, research and preparing of Bibliography and etc.).

As per American library Association,

“A library is a collection of resources in a variety of formats that is (1) organized by information professionals or other experts who (2) provide convenient physical, digital, bibliographic, or intellectual access and (3) offer targeted services and programs (4) with the mission of educating, informing, or entertaining a variety of audiences/users (5) and the goal of stimulating individual learning and advancing society as a whole.”

2. What are the basic library services?

There are following Traditional library services provided by the librarian

1. Circulation Services

2. Reference Services

3. Document Delivery Service

4. Reading Room

5. Bibliography Services  

6. Literature Searching

7. Information Literacy

8. Reprography

Online services

1. OPAC

2. Online Resource Access

a. E-books

b. E-Journals

c. e-Database

3. ToC (Table of content)

4.  Digital Repository

5. Discover services 

6. Online Information Searching strategy

7. Referencing Style

8. Plagiarism Software

9. Research support services and many more

3. What are the different types of library by its format?

There are three types of library on the basis of the format

1. Physical library

           Where the library has physical library building

2. e-Library/Online Library/Digital Library

In such library does not have physical collection? But document and collection are maintained in digital format and save on server and provide access through VPN internet and intranet to the library users.

3. Hybrid library

Hybrid libraries are the mixture of both physical library and online library. Libraries are physically exists as well as provide online resources access to library users.     

One the basis of library collection and supporting/parent organizations library can be divided into four types.

1. Academic Library

Academic library further divided into three category, academic libraries run under the any parent organization

            a. School library

b. college library

c. University library

2. Special Library

Special library served under the any special institute like medical, law, military, media and etc.

3. Public Library

Public library serve general readers and run under the local, district, municipal and provincial authority

4. National Library

National library works to serve the national cause and preserve the knowledge and information for the future generation

How to cite this article

Ali, MY (15 July 2021). Library & Its Type. https://profileusuf.wordpress.com/2021/07/15/library-amp-its-type-by-muhammad-yousuf-ali/

Big Data & Libraries by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Big Data is a term used to describe a collection of data that is huge in size and yet growing exponentially with time. In short such data is so large and complex that none of the traditional data management tools are able to store it or process it efficiently. Characteristics of Big Data Big Data Characteristics has 3V’s Volume Velocity Variety Volume of the Data The amount of data matters. With big data, you’ll have to process high volumes of low-density, unstructured data. i.e. *5.4 Billion Search on Google search Engine per day *400 hours of content uploaded on YouTube each minute Velocity of the Data Velocity is the fast rate of Spreading anywhere else i.e. Internet, Social Media and etc. * Speed of a single tweets on Twitter * View of a snap shot on Instagram Variety of the Data Variety refers to the many types of data that are available. Data types, such as text, audio, pdf and video, databases and etc. Watch video to further know about it Big Data #BigData #DataAnaytics #DataScience #Researchdata #dataset #dataliteracy

There are two major tools which are used in libraries to represent library data visualization.
1) Infographics
2) Dashboard
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, an infographic (or information graphic) is “a visual representation of information or data”.
An infographic is a collection of imagery, charts, and minimal text that gives an easy-to-understand overview of a topic.

A data dashboard is an information management tool that visually tracks, analyzes and displays key performance indicators (KPI), metrics and key data points to monitor the health of a business, department or specific process.
#Dataviz #DataVisualization #BITOOLS #MARKETTRENDS
#Datavisualization #DataScientist #DataAnalytics #Infographic #InfoShare

5 minutes information Channel Episode # 7 Types Literature Review by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Literature Review
A literature review is a search and evaluation of the available literature in your given subject or chosen topic area. It documents the state of the art with respect to the subject or topic you are writing about.
What is the purpose of Literature review?
There are following purpose research do the literature review
• To see what has and has not been investigated.
• To identify data sources that other researchers have used.
• To learn how others have defined and measured key concepts.
• To develop alternative research projects.
• To put your work in perspective.
• To demonstrate your understanding, and your ability to critically evaluate research in the field.
• To provide evidence that may be used to support your own findings .i.e. Discussion Segments.

Integrative Review
Identify, analyze, and synthesize results from independent quantitative and qualitative studies to determine current knowledge Include multiple types of research designs and literature types Complicated review, but give breadth and depth to conclusions

Argumentative Review
Argumentative literature review, as the name implies, examines literature selectively in order to support or refute an argument, deeply imbedded assumption, or philosophical problem already established in the literature. It should be noted that a potential for bias is a major shortcoming associated with argumentative literature review.
Methodological Review
Thematic reviews of literature are organized around a topic or issue, rather than the progression of time. … A review organized in this manner would shift between time periods within each section according to the point made. Methodological. A methodological approach focuses on the methods utilized by the researcher.
Systematic Review
A systematic review is an appraisal and synthesis of primary research papers using a rigorous and clearly documented methodology in both the search strategy and the selection of studies. This minimizes bias in the results. The clear documentation of the process and the decisions made allow the review to be reproduced and updated.
Theoretical Review
The purpose of this form is to concretely examine the corpus of theory that has accumulated in regard to an issue, concept, theory, phenomena. The theoretical literature review help establish what theories already exist, the relationships between them, to what degree the existing theories have been investigated, and to develop new hypotheses to be tested.
Historical Review
Historical literature reviews focus on examining research throughout a period of time, often starting with the first time an issue, concept, theory, phenomena emerged in the literature, then tracing its evolution within the scholarship of a discipline. The purpose is to place research in a historical context to show familiarity with state-of-the-art developments and to identify the likely directions for future research.

Librarianship and Types of Librarian

by Dr. Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Librarianship is one of the emerging professions. Librarians are working in the different types of libraries. Most of young librarians and students are unaware about the important specialization in the librarianship. This special piece described about the Librarianship and different types of librarianship. Here we discussed following main points.  

What is Librarianship?

What are the main different types of Librarianship?

What is librarianship?

A profession concerned with acquiring and organizing collections of books and related materials in libraries and servicing readers and others with these resources.

What are the main different types of Librarianship?

There are six important types of Librarianship.

1. Embedded Librarian
2. Liaison Librarian
3. Medical Librarian
4. Reference Librarian
5. Research Librarian
6. Technical Librarian

Embedded Librarian

Embedded librarians are integrated information experts that offer more direct research assistance to groups of faculty and students than the typical one-shot instruction session, often over the course of an entire semester.

Liaison Librarian

A liaison is a Libraries faculty designated as the formal contact person between the library and a particular academic unit (school, department, or centre). In keeping with the library’s mission, the primary responsibility of a liaison is to meet the unit’s information needs through instruction, collection development, research assistance to faculty and students, and the fulfillment of other unit needs related to the library such as support for accreditation reviews.

Medical Librarian

Medical librarians, also known as health information professionals, medical information specialists, or multiple variations thereof, find, analyse, provide access to and present critical information that improves patient care and supports health and medical education, research, and publication.

Reference Librarian

Reference librarians recommend, interpret, evaluate, and/or use information resources to help patrons with specific information needs. Requests for assistance often occur in person at the library, reference is increasingly conducted by phone, chat and email.

Research Librarian

A research librarian is responsible for organizing and maintaining research support service and information for an organization university or research-based institutions. Research Librarian is always ready to support researchers and research support.

Technical Librarian

A technical services librarian specializes in acquiring, organizing cataloguing classification and technical all kinds of library materials.

How to cite this Article :-

Ali, M.Y. (13 Aug 2023). Librarianship and Types of Librarian. https://profileusuf.wordpress.com/2023/08/14/librarianship-and-types-of-librarian/

Cloud Computing Characteristics and Types by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

Cloud Computing

Hypothesis symbol H

by Muhammad Yousuf Ali

1. Symbol: H₀ (H-naught)

Meaning:

It refers to the null hypothesis.

Formula used:

The null hypothesis is the hypothesis regarding the population parameter. This is the hypothesis used in statistics that states that there is no statistical significance for a given set of observations.

Used in:

Testing of Hypothesis used in H₀ (H-naught).

2. Symbol: H₁ (H-one)

Meaning:

It refers to the alternative hypothesis.

Formula used:

The alternative hypothesis is formed in such a way that when we reject the null hypothesis we accept the alternative hypothesis.

Used in:

Testing of Hypothesis used in H₁ (H-one).

To know about hypotheses types please watch this video

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